1. The two species that has homologous traits are the dolphin and the bat, a dolphin's fin and the wing of a bat, are
homologous organs that retain the same basic structure of the original
ancestral species. The dolphin's fin, this is designed to swim and be almost
always in contact with water, but the wing of a bat has the same structure but
different function like fly and to make it more easy for them
to succeed finding food. Homologous divergent
evolution occurs, referring progressive adaptation of the same organ at
different functions, such as running, climbing, swimming and flying.
2. A good example of analogous is
the functional similarities between the wings of insects and birds, although
both structures serve the same purpose, fly, allowing organs such activity are
in origin and structure very different from one another, therefore the analogy
may serve in this case to determine evolutionary convergences, but in no way
can establish descent between species in biological evolution. These
similarities, analogies calls are rather superficial and due to these organisms
are subject to the same restrictions functional or adaptive, and is not due to
having a recent common ancestor.
